Mandriva Linux (formerly Mandrakelinux or Mandrake Linux) is an operating system created by Mandriva (formerly Mandrakesoft). It uses the RPM Package Manager. The product lifetime of Mandriva Linux releases is 18 months for base updates (kernel, drivers etc.) and 12 months for desktop updates (window managers, desktop environments, web browsers etc.). Server products receive full updates for at least 24 months after their release.

The first release was based on Red Hat Linux (version 5.1) and KDE (version 1.0) in July 1998. It has since diverged greatly from Red Hat and has included a number of original tools mostly to ease system configuration. Mandriva Linux was originated by Gaël Duval, and intended to focus on ease of use for new users. Duval was also a co-founder of Mandrakesoft, but was laid off from the company in 2006.